{"id":8446,"date":"2022-11-11T19:03:02","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T18:03:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/razvedka.info\/sk\/2022-11-troyan-dostojevskij\/"},"modified":"2022-11-11T19:03:02","modified_gmt":"2022-11-11T18:03:02","slug":"troyan-dostojevskij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/2022-11-troyan-dostojevskij\/","title":{"rendered":"Troyan Dostojevskij"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ukrajinsk\u00fd sektor Facebooku ned\u00e1vno „vyhodil do vzduchu“ spor o dos\u0165 kontroverzn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky p\u00e1pe\u017ea Franti\u0161ka o Rusoch a ich humanizme. A tie\u017e o Dostojevskom a o tom, ako „in\u0161piruje kres\u0165anov, aby pochopili kres\u0165anstvo“.<\/p>\n

Citujme doslovne: „Udivuje ma to \u2013 a preto pou\u017e\u00edvam slovo „dlhotrvaj\u00face utrpenie“ [\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e: \u201cmartoriata\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043f\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u201d \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u201cmartoriare\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438\u201d] \u2013 t\u00e1to krutos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 nie je vlastn\u00e1 rusk\u00e9mu \u013eudu, mo\u017eno… pre rusk\u00fd \u013eud s\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00ed \u013eudia; toto [\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c] \u017eoldnieri, vojaci, ktor\u00ed id\u00fa do vojny ako dobrodru\u017estvo, \u017eoldnieri… Rad\u0161ej si to mysl\u00edm, preto\u017ee si ve\u013emi v\u00e1\u017eim rusk\u00fd \u013eud, rusk\u00fd humanizmus. Sta\u010d\u00ed pripomen\u00fa\u0165 Dostojevsk\u00e9ho, ktor\u00fd st\u00e1le in\u0161piruje, in\u0161piruje kres\u0165anov, aby pochopili kres\u0165anstvo. M\u00e1m ve\u013ek\u00fd z\u00e1v\u00e4zok vo\u010di rusk\u00e9mu \u013eudu, ako aj ve\u013ek\u00fd z\u00e1v\u00e4zok vo\u010di ukrajinsk\u00e9mu \u013eudu.“<\/p>\n

Rad\u0161ej by som obi\u0161iel ot\u00e1zku „\u013eudskosti“ Rusov, aby som sa neuch\u00fdlil k pejorat\u00edvnej slovnej z\u00e1sobe. P\u00e1pe\u017ea ch\u00e1pem ako najspo\u013eahlivej\u0161ieho predstavite\u013ea kres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho u\u010denia na zemi, jeho t\u00fa\u017ebu zmieri\u0165 v\u0161etky n\u00e1rody sveta, nepriate\u013ea a obe\u0165, agresora a mu\u010den\u00edka. Toto je u\u010denie evanjelia, ktor\u00e9ho cie\u013eom je vyhladi\u0165 rohy, milova\u0165 svojho nepriate\u013ea, nahradi\u0165 \u013eav\u00e9 l\u00edce, ke\u010f je zasiahnut\u00fd vpravo. Pre Ukrajincov, ktor\u00ed teraz odol\u00e1vaj\u00fa krut\u00e9mu \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi, sa to teraz zd\u00e1 mimoriadne nevhodn\u00e9. Ale kres\u0165anstvo je tak\u00e9, a , ako sa hovor\u00ed, neexistuje pre to \u017eiadna rada.<\/p>\n

Po\u010fme sa lep\u0161ie porozpr\u00e1va\u0165 o Fjodorovi Michajlovi\u010dovi Dostojevskom (napriek tomu, \u017ee ma skuto\u010dne dostal) a jeho schopnosti „in\u0161pirova\u0165“. Pri komunik\u00e1cii s mysliacimi \u013eu\u010fmi z r\u00f4znych eur\u00f3pskych kraj\u00edn som si \u010dasto v\u0161imol ich ak nie ospravedlnenie, potom aspo\u0148 celkom priazniv\u00fd postoj k rusk\u00e9mu spisovate\u013eovi. Mnoh\u00ed z nich mi vysvetlili, \u017ee \u010d\u00edtan\u00edm diel Dostojevsk\u00e9ho sa sna\u017eia pochopi\u0165 Rusko, jeho „\u0161irok\u00fa du\u0161u“. Dokonca aj napriek varovaniam in\u00e9ho Fjodora, rusk\u00e9ho spisovate\u013ea dev\u00e4tn\u00e1steho storo\u010dia, konkr\u00e9tne Tyutcheva: „Um Rusko nem\u00e1 \u017eiadne koncepty.“<\/p>\n

Eur\u00f3pskym intelektu\u00e1lom sa teda zd\u00e1, \u017ee po pre\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed Dostojevsk\u00e9ho, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm „Zlo\u010din a trest“, urobia ve\u013ek\u00fd krok v pochopen\u00ed Ruska. V diskusii s nimi som sa sna\u017eil vysvetli\u0165, \u017ee sa kruto m\u00fdlili, \u017ee cel\u00e1 t\u00e1to dostojev\u0161\u010dina dobieha viac hmly, ako d\u00e1va porozumenie. \u017de neexistuje jedin\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 „\u0161irok\u00e1 du\u0161a“. To v\u0161etko je klam, „ponts pre n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkov“.<\/p>\n

Nakoniec \u0161ok sp\u00f4soben\u00fd Eur\u00f3panom ruskou agresiou v Ukrajine a najm\u00e4 brut\u00e1lnymi vojnov\u00fdmi zlo\u010dinmi Rusov op\u00e4\u0165 dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee ni\u010domu nerozumej\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Je mi \u013e\u00fato, \u017ee som predt\u00fdm nehovoril o Dostojevskom a jeho vplyve na eur\u00f3pske mysle so zn\u00e1mym po\u013esk\u00fdm publicistom, analytikom, kult\u00farnym vedcom Dr. Kubom Benedychakom. Dal by mi dostatok argumentov pre presved\u010divos\u0165. Ned\u00e1vno som si s ve\u013ek\u00fdm pote\u0161en\u00edm pre\u010d\u00edtal jeho \u010dl\u00e1nok „Z\u00e1pad miluje Dostojevsk\u00e9ho a mysl\u00ed si, \u017ee rozumie Rusku“ v publik\u00e1cii Nowa Europa Wschodnia<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n

Benedychak pouk\u00e1zal na povrchn\u00fa a amat\u00e9rsku fascin\u00e1ciu Dostojevsk\u00fdm, ktor\u00e1 je vlastn\u00e1 najm\u00e4 z\u00e1padn\u00fdm politikom a ich poradcom. Uviedol pr\u00edklad toho, ako na spolo\u010dnej tla\u010dovej konferencii prezidentov Ruska a Franc\u00fazska v roku 2019 Emmanuel Macron citoval Dostojevsk\u00e9ho, konkr\u00e9tne slov\u00e1 z jeho prejavu pri otvoren\u00ed pam\u00e4tn\u00edka Pu\u0161kinovi v roku 1880 pred c\u00e1rom Alexandrom II. A vtedaj\u0161\u00edmi socialitami.<\/p>\n

„Preto\u017ee \u010do urobilo Rusko za cel\u00e9 tie dve storo\u010dia vo svojej politike, ak nesl\u00fa\u017eilo Eur\u00f3pe, mo\u017eno ove\u013ea viac ako sebe sam\u00e9mu? Nemysl\u00edm si, \u017ee by sa to malo sta\u0165 len z neschopnosti na\u0161ich politikov. \u00d3, n\u00e1rody Eur\u00f3py a nevedia, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa n\u00e1m drah\u00e9! A nesk\u00f4r, ver\u00edm v to, my, samozrejme, nie my, ale bud\u00faci bud\u00faci rusk\u00ed ob\u010dania pochop\u00edme v\u0161etko do jedinej veci, \u017ee sta\u0165 sa skuto\u010dn\u00fdm Ruskom znamen\u00e1: sna\u017ei\u0165 sa kone\u010dne vnies\u0165 zmierenie do eur\u00f3pskych protire\u010den\u00ed, nazna\u010di\u0165 cestu von k eur\u00f3pskej t\u00fa\u017ebe v ich ruskej du\u0161i, v\u0161e\u013eudskej a znovuzjednotenej, zapadn\u00fa\u0165 do nej s bratskou l\u00e1skou v\u0161etk\u00fdch na\u0161ich bratov, a nakoniec, mo\u017eno, vyjadri\u0165 posledn\u00e9 slovo ve\u013ekej, univerz\u00e1lnej harm\u00f3nie, bratsk\u00fd kone\u010dn\u00fd s\u00fahlas v\u0161etk\u00fdch kme\u0148ov pod\u013ea Kristovho z\u00e1kona evanjelia!“ argumentoval vtedy Dosojewski, po ktorom nasledoval Macron.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledne cit\u00e1ty z tohto prejavu pou\u017eil aj b\u00fdval\u00fd taliansky premi\u00e9r Giuseppe Conte. V rozhovore so Sen\u00e1tom sa ho sna\u017eil presved\u010di\u0165 o potrebe upokoji\u0165 Rusko a… vytvori\u0165 podmienky na zru\u0161enie protirusk\u00fdch sankci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u0160t\u00e1tna tajomn\u00ed\u010dka v administrat\u00edve Georgea W. Busha, Condoleezza Riceov\u00e1, ako sa uk\u00e1zalo, bola tie\u017e Ruskou pod\u013ea vzdel\u00e1vania. Preto \u010dasto citovala Dostojevsk\u00e9ho, najm\u00e4 jeho „bratov Karamazova“, napr\u00edklad po\u010das pr\u00edpravy n\u00e1v\u0161tevy svojho patr\u00f3na v Moskve v roku 2002. To bolo potom, \u017ee Bush vyslovil svoju sl\u00e1vnu fr\u00e1zu, ktor\u00e1, ako sa hovor\u00ed, „sa pozrela do Putinov\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed a uvidela v nich \u010destn\u00e9ho mu\u017ea“. Videl som to \u0161irok\u00e9 a hlbok\u00e9rusk\u00e1 du\u0161a spievan\u00e1 Dostojevsk\u00fdm a svet t\u00fato piese\u0148 \u013eahko zdvihol.<\/p>\n

Medzit\u00fdm si Vladim\u00edr Putin uvedomil, \u017ee v obale Dostojevsk\u00e9ho Z\u00e1padu je mo\u017en\u00e9 str\u010di\u0165 r\u00f4zne propagandistick\u00e9 t\u00e9zy. Ako u tr\u00f3jskeho ko\u0148a. Alebo sk\u00f4r, ako v tr\u00f3jskom v\u00edruse, ktor\u00fd tak \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa prokreme\u013esk\u00ed hackeri, hackuj\u00fa servery demokratick\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed v Eur\u00f3pe a Amerike.<\/p>\n

Dr. Benedychak v tejto s\u00favislosti spr\u00e1vne poznamen\u00e1va: „Prejdime k seri\u00f3znym interpret\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Dostojevskij prich\u00e1dza na pomoc Vladim\u00edrovi Putinovi v mnoh\u00fdch ot\u00e1zkach: kontrola nad Strednou \u00c1ziou, konzervat\u00edvna ideol\u00f3gia a torp\u00e9dovanie liberalizmu, spolo\u010dn\u00fd tanec Krem\u013ea a pravosl\u00e1vnej cirkvi, siln\u00e1 autorit\u00e1rska moc. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak len na dvoch veciach \u2013 na Eur\u00f3pe a revol\u00facii. Putin je mu\u010den\u00fd t\u00fdm, \u010do tr\u00e1pilo najprv Pu\u0161kina a potom samotn\u00e9ho Dostojevsk\u00e9ho, a to, \u017ee Rusko zostalo po st\u00e1ro\u010dia pre Eur\u00f3pu cudzie.<\/p>\n

Ako je to „cudzinec“? Koniec koncov, v u\u017e uvedenom cit\u00e1te Dostojevsk\u00e9ho sme videli jeho l\u00e1sku k Eur\u00f3pe, t\u00fa\u017ebu po integr\u00e1cii. Ale pre\u010do si tento rusk\u00fd liter\u00e1rny g\u00e9nius nem\u00f4\u017ee protire\u010di\u0165. Pre\u010d\u00edtajme si jeho „Zimn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky o letn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitkoch“, kde Dostojevskij nap\u00edsal: „V Eur\u00f3pe sme nikdy nevzbudili sympatie a to n\u00e1s \u010do najsk\u00f4r v\u017edy ochotne poh\u00e1\u0148alo. Nemohla si pom\u00f4c\u0165, ale rozpoznala len jednu vec: na\u0161u silu.“ Nakoniec s\u00e1m pripustil: „Zvykli sme si nad\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee nie sme schopn\u00ed europeizova\u0165. Teraz rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eame inak. Teraz vieme, \u017ee nem\u00f4\u017eeme by\u0165 Eur\u00f3panmi, \u017ee sa nedok\u00e1\u017eeme vtesna\u0165 do r\u00e1mca jednej zo z\u00e1padn\u00fdch foriem \u017eivota.“<\/p>\n

A tu \u00faprimne ver\u00edme Fedorovi Michajlovi\u010dovi: Rusko sa svojou povahou v z\u00e1sade nedok\u00e1\u017ee integrova\u0165 s Eur\u00f3pou. S\u00fa to dva svety, ktor\u00e9, ako my, Ukrajinci, u\u017e s istotou vieme, nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne priese\u010dn\u00edky. Koexistencia je mo\u017en\u00e1 len vo forme konfront\u00e1cie, k\u00fdm sa Rusko nerozpadne na mnoho nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tnych subjektov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ukrajinsk\u00fd sektor Facebooku ned\u00e1vno „vyhodil do vzduchu“ spor o dos\u0165 kontroverzn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky p\u00e1pe\u017ea Franti\u0161ka o Rusoch a ich humanizme. A tie\u017e o Dostojevskom a o tom, ako „in\u0161piruje kres\u0165anov, aby pochopili kres\u0165anstvo“. Citujme doslovne: „Udivuje ma to \u2013 a preto pou\u017e\u00edvam slovo „dlhotrvaj\u00face utrpenie“ [\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e: \u201cmartoriata\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043f\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u201d \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u201cmartoriare\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438\u201d] \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8447,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[671,1501,83,12,6,1198,192,14],"class_list":["post-8446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vojna-v-ukrajine","tag-emmanuel-macron","tag-literatura","tag-ruska-agresia","tag-rusko","tag-rusko-ukrajinska-vojna","tag-top-spravy","tag-vladimir-putin","tag-vojnove-zlociny-ruska"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8446\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}