{"id":21285,"date":"2023-12-11T19:03:04","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T18:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/razvedka.info\/sk\/2023-12-sutaz-o-efektivnost\/"},"modified":"2023-12-11T19:03:04","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T18:03:04","slug":"sutaz-o-efektivnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/2023-12-sutaz-o-efektivnost\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00fa\u0165a\u017e o efekt\u00edvnos\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"

V roku 2022 Ukrajina prekvapila cel\u00fd svet \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdm bojom proti rusk\u00fdm \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom a zmarila blitzkrieg Krem\u013ea. Potom, po \u00fateku ruskej arm\u00e1dy z Kyjeva, \u00faspe\u0161nej ofenz\u00edve charkovskej oper\u00e1cie a osloboden\u00ed Chersonu, sa bud\u00facnos\u0165 zdala celkom optimistick\u00e1. Teraz, na konci roka 2023, sa v\u0161ak n\u00e1lada verejnosti v Ukrajine zmenila a stala sa opatrnej\u0161ou a alarmuj\u00facej\u0161ou. A s\u00fa na to dobr\u00e9 d\u00f4vody. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Agresorovi, ktor\u00fd sa zdal by\u0165 na ceste k por\u00e1\u017eke, sa za posledn\u00fd rok podarilo v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 objem vojenskej v\u00fdroby. Ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 sily postupne str\u00e1cali technologick\u00fa v\u00fdhodu tam, kde ju mali. Najm\u00e4 pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed dronov. A nepriate\u013e, napriek \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdm strat\u00e1m vybavenia, nevykazuje \u017eiadne zn\u00e1mky vy\u010derpania. Naopak, chopila sa strategickej iniciat\u00edvy a sna\u017e\u00ed sa prudko za\u00fato\u010di\u0165 na ukrajinsk\u00e9 poz\u00edcie. \u010co sa stalo v tomto relat\u00edvne kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase? Pre\u010do Ukrajina, ktor\u00e1 spo\u010diatku preuk\u00e1zala ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148 efekt\u00edvnosti a kreativity, za\u010d\u00edna zaost\u00e1va\u0165 za nepriate\u013eom v mnoh\u00fdch oblastiach? <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch faktorov, ktor\u00e9 zabezpe\u010dili v\u00ed\u0165azstvo Ukrajiny v po\u010diato\u010dnej f\u00e1ze vojny, bolo \u0161irok\u00e9 zapojenie ob\u010dianskej spolo\u010dnosti do podpory arm\u00e1dy. Ke\u010f sa 24. febru\u00e1ra 2022 za\u010dala tot\u00e1lna inv\u00e1zia, ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00farady neboli pripraven\u00e9 agresora odrazi\u0165. Pride\u013eovanie dodato\u010dn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov pre arm\u00e1du sa neust\u00e1le odkladalo. Raketov\u00e9 programy sa zastavili. Mnoh\u00e9 z\u00e1vody Ukroboronprom pracovali len nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed v t\u00fd\u017edni. Neust\u00e1le ch\u00fdbali finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky na najnov\u0161\u00ed vojensko-technick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj. Neboli vybudovan\u00e9 \u017eiadne obrann\u00e9 opevnenia, hoci prv\u00e9 alarmuj\u00face sign\u00e1ly o pr\u00edprav\u00e1ch Ruska na inv\u00e1ziu za\u010dali unika\u0165 na jar 2021. Form\u00e1lne bola situ\u00e1cia pre agresora priazniv\u00e1. Moskva v\u0161ak nezoh\u013eadnila v\u00f4\u013eu ukrajinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda odporova\u0165. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod sa zjednotil pre jeden cie\u013e. Dobrovo\u013en\u00edctvo sa stalo skuto\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1rodn\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom. V prv\u00fdch d\u0148och, t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och a mesiacoch tot\u00e1lnej vojny ob\u010dianska spolo\u010dnos\u0165 prepo\u017ei\u010dala rameno neefekt\u00edvnej a nemotornej \u0161t\u00e1tnej ma\u0161in\u00e9rii. Od 24. febru\u00e1ra 2022 darovali Ukrajinci na pomoc Ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m Ukrajiny viac ako 100 mili\u00e1rd UAH. Dobrovo\u013en\u00edci prevzali v\u00fdznamn\u00fd podiel na poskytovan\u00ed vojensk\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu so v\u0161etk\u00fdm, \u010do potrebovali. R\u00fdchla mobiliz\u00e1cia spolo\u010dnosti pomohla Ukrajine naru\u0161i\u0165 blitzkrieg a odrazi\u0165 nepriate\u013ea z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti okupovan\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed. Okrem toho sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee Ozbrojen\u00e9 sily Ukrajiny si v prvej f\u00e1ze vojny zvolili spr\u00e1vnu a flexibilnej\u0161iu taktiku. A ukrajinsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da sa mohla pochv\u00e1li\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm modern\u00fdch dronov, ktor\u00e9 \u010diasto\u010dne kompenzovali nedostatok vojenskej sily. Ale od konca roka 2023 sa pre n\u00e1s ve\u013ea zmenilo, nie k lep\u0161iemu. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nepriate\u013e sa spam\u00e4tal zo \u0161oku z roku 2022. Ned\u00e1 sa poveda\u0165, \u017ee Rusko urobilo technologick\u00fd prielom. Jeho hlavnou v\u00fdhodou je teraz schopnos\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 vojensk\u00fa v\u00fdrobu. S\u00faper nie je kreat\u00edvny. Dokonale sa v\u0161ak nau\u010dil kop\u00edrova\u0165 \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 rie\u0161enia a technologick\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy. S ich n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm \u0161k\u00e1lovan\u00edm. Shahed nemus\u00ed by\u0165 najimpozantnej\u0161ou alebo naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ou zbra\u0148ou. Schopnos\u0165 vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo t\u00fdchto dronov v\u0161ak kompenzuje ich nedostatky. Nepriate\u013e neberie pod\u013ea kvality, ale pod\u013ea kvantity a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a desiatky jednotiek dronov. To ist\u00e9 plat\u00ed pre Lancets a Orlans. Kreme\u013e pracuje aj na bud\u00facnosti a u\u017e si objednal ve\u013ek\u00fa d\u00e1vku dronov, vybavenia a mun\u00edcie z \u010c\u00edny. Nepriate\u013e akt\u00edvne buduje vlastn\u00fa priemyseln\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u, kde vyr\u00e1ba drony, riaden\u00fa mun\u00edciu, opravuje lietadl\u00e1, vrtu\u013en\u00edky a obrnen\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1. Satelitn\u00e9 sn\u00edmky zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00fa vznik nov\u00fdch dieln\u00ed a hang\u00e1rov v podnikoch vojensko-priemyseln\u00e9ho komplexu. Moskva tie\u017e ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee od bud\u00faceho roka bude vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 n\u00e1morn\u00e9 drony. Vojensko-priemyseln\u00fd komplex agresora vykazuje zn\u00e1mky zvy\u0161ovania kapacity a \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho obch\u00e1dzania sankci\u00ed. To v\u0161etko sa v\u0161ak ned\u00e1 urobi\u0165 bez centralizovan\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu a vl\u00e1dnej intervencie.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dobrovo\u013en\u00edctvo a pomoc arm\u00e1de je u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e1 a potrebn\u00e1 vec. Ale dobrovo\u013en\u00edctvo alebo dary ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m samotn\u00e9 nem\u00f4\u017eu vyhra\u0165 vojnu. Dobrovo\u013en\u00edci nebud\u00fa stava\u0165 nov\u00e9 tov\u00e1rne na v\u00fdrobu zbran\u00ed. Nebud\u00fa kupova\u0165 lietadl\u00e1 na vlastn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady F-16<\/i> alebo tanky Abrams. Rakety schopn\u00e9 dosiahnu\u0165 Moskvu a vojensk\u00e9 priemyseln\u00e9 z\u00e1vody na Urale nebud\u00fa priveden\u00e9 do arm\u00e1dy. Nebud\u00fa objedn\u00e1va\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fa d\u00e1vku mun\u00edcie zo zahrani\u010dia a nebud\u00fa vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 st\u00e1tis\u00edce dronov, ktor\u00e9 s\u013e\u00fabili ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00farady. Dobrovo\u013en\u00edci plnili svoju hlavn\u00fa funkciu na za\u010diatku vojny. Ukrajinsk\u00fdm org\u00e1nom poskytli r\u00fdchly \u010das na to, aby svoju pr\u00e1cu postavili na vojnov\u00e9 z\u00e1klady, zotavili sa zo \u0161oku a zaviedli efekt\u00edvne \u010dinnosti ministerstiev a rezortov. Ukrajinsk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, \u017eia\u013e, nepreuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo reagova\u0165 na v\u00fdzvy. Namiesto toho sa ut\u00e1pa v s\u00e9rii korup\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161kand\u00e1lov a mnoh\u00fdch nespr\u00e1vnych kalkul\u00e1ci\u00ed, pr\u00edli\u0161 sa spolieha na vonkaj\u0161iu pomoc a pr\u00edli\u0161 pomaly pracuje na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed svojej vlastnej vojenskej sily. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba zbran\u00ed, tankov, osvetlen\u00fdchPo\u010das druhej svetovej vojny bolo delostrelectvo a vznik najnov\u0161\u00edch modelov zbran\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 len v\u010faka centralizovanej, cie\u013eavedomej pr\u00e1ci vl\u00e1d bojuj\u00facich kraj\u00edn. Boli to vl\u00e1dy Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nie, Tretej r\u00ed\u0161e a ZSSR, ktor\u00e9 poskytli arm\u00e1de v\u0161etko, \u010do potrebovala. Koordinovali v\u00fdrobu zbran\u00ed, v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch typov zariaden\u00ed. Investovali sme do jeho moderniz\u00e1cie. Boli postaven\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00e9 tov\u00e1rne na v\u00fdrobu zbran\u00ed. Poskytli pracovn\u00e9 miesta mili\u00f3nom \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed pracovali pre vojensko-priemyseln\u00fd komplex. Pri v\u0161etkej \u00facte k vynaliezav\u00e9mu talentu jednotliv\u00fdch talentovan\u00fdch vedcov alebo in\u017einierov, bez organizovanej centralizovanej \u010dinnosti vl\u00e1d by neboli vyroben\u00e9 desa\u0165tis\u00edce lietadiel a tankov. Prv\u00e9 rakety V-1 a V-2 alebo prv\u00e9 pr\u00fadov\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 by sa neobjavili. A „projekt Manhattan“ na v\u00fdvoj jadrovej bomby by zaru\u010dene zlyhal, keby nebol koordinovan\u00fd a financovan\u00fd americk\u00fdmi org\u00e1nmi. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Teraz je ve\u013ea kritiky miestnej samospr\u00e1vy. \u00dadajne namiesto n\u00e1kupu dronov \u00faradn\u00edci klad\u00fa dla\u017eobn\u00e9 kocky. Ale aj ke\u010f uzn\u00e1vame probl\u00e9my v pr\u00e1ci miestnej samospr\u00e1vy, treba \u00faprimne poveda\u0165, \u017ee nie je jeho \u00falohou zap\u00e1ja\u0165 sa do vojenskej v\u00fdroby alebo poskytova\u0165 vojensk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m vybavenie. Nu\u017e, nem\u00f4\u017ee Kyjev, \u010di \u013dvov k\u00fapi nieko\u013eko st\u00edha\u010diek, tankov\u00fd pr\u00e1por alebo si k\u00fapi syst\u00e9m protivzdu\u0161nej obrany na vlastn\u00fa ochranu na \u00fakor mestsk\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu. Miestne samospr\u00e1vy nie s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 financova\u0165 ani n\u00e1kup \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch dronov. Preto\u017ee to nie je jeho \u00faloha. Vl\u00e1da a ministerstvo obrany by sa mali zaobera\u0165 zabezpe\u010den\u00edm arm\u00e1dy. Nie je potrebn\u00e9 pres\u00fava\u0165 zodpovednos\u0165 na miestne org\u00e1ny, ak je zodpovednos\u0165 \u00fastrednej vl\u00e1dy. Ak bud\u00fa miestne samospr\u00e1vy zanepr\u00e1zdnen\u00e9 h\u013eadan\u00edm vojensk\u00e9ho vybavenia a mun\u00edcie, vojnu ur\u010dite nevyhr\u00e1me. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ve\u013ek\u00e9 vojny vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00fa nielen uvedomel\u00ed vlasteneck\u00ed ob\u010dania, nie dobrovo\u013en\u00edci, ale efekt\u00edvne \u0161t\u00e1ty. Vl\u00e1dy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1lova\u0165 v\u00fdrobu, reformova\u0165 ekonomiku, pril\u00e1ka\u0165 \u0161pecialistov a odborn\u00edkov, aby dosiahli technologick\u00e9 objavy. A nasmerova\u0165 v\u0161etko \u00fasilie na v\u00ed\u0165azstvo, odmietnu\u0165 vn\u00fatorn\u00fa politick\u00fa s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e a malichernosti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V roku 2022 Ukrajina prekvapila cel\u00fd svet \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdm bojom proti rusk\u00fdm \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom a zmarila blitzkrieg Krem\u013ea. Potom, po \u00fateku ruskej arm\u00e1dy z Kyjeva, \u00faspe\u0161nej ofenz\u00edve charkovskej oper\u00e1cie a osloboden\u00ed Chersonu, sa bud\u00facnos\u0165 zdala celkom optimistick\u00e1. Teraz, na konci roka 2023, sa v\u0161ak n\u00e1lada verejnosti v Ukrajine zmenila a stala sa opatrnej\u0161ou a alarmuj\u00facej\u0161ou. A s\u00fa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21286,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[223,21,272,2563,12,6,172,820],"class_list":["post-21285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vojna-v-ukrajine","tag-dobrovolnikov","tag-hlavne-spravy","tag-ministerstvo-obrany-ukrajiny","tag-peter-gerasimenko","tag-rusko","tag-rusko-ukrajinska-vojna","tag-sankcie-voci-rusku","tag-ukroboronprom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21285"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21285\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}