Rusk\u00e1 technika v okupovanom Enerhodare, marec 2022 (foto obyvatelia Enerhodaru)<\/span><\/p>\nMarina \u017eila v okup\u00e1cii viac ako sedem mesiacov. V Energodare sa to stalo neznesite\u013enej\u0161\u00edm po tom, \u010do Rusi v septembri usporiadali pseudoreferendum. Okupanti mali person\u00e1lny „hlad“, preto\u017ee potom u\u017e 70% obyvate\u013estva odi\u0161lo. Preto \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci za\u010dali v\u0161etk\u00fdmi mo\u017en\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi n\u00fati\u0165 obyvate\u013eov Enerhodaru, aby pre nich pracovali, pon\u00fakli peniaze.<\/p>\n
„Zaplatili 10 tis\u00edc pomoci. Urobili to preto, aby uk\u00e1zali obyvate\u013eom Enerhodaru, \u017ee Rusko je ve\u013emi dobr\u00e9. T\u00ed obyvatelia Enerhodaru, ktor\u00ed spolupracovali s Rusmi, sa za\u010dali vzd\u00e1va\u0165 svojich Ukrajincov. A uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee ich vlastn\u00ed \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 hor\u0161\u00ed ako cudzinci,“ hovor\u00ed IDP.<\/p>\n
Po prv\u00e9, pod\u013ea Marina, spolupracovn\u00edci odovzdali t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed i\u0161li do Ozbrojen\u00fdch s\u00edl Ukrajiny. Rusi teda za\u010dali prich\u00e1dza\u0165 k svojim rodin\u00e1m a bra\u0165 ich do mu\u010diarn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
„Boli n\u00faten\u00ed u\u010di\u0165 sa a spieva\u0165 tam rusk\u00fa hymnu. Mohli by dokonca od\u0148a\u0165 t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed jednoducho povedali nie\u010do o Rusku. Spo\u010diatku bili tri alebo \u0161tyri dni do tak\u00e9ho stavu, \u017ee \u013eudia si nemohli prinies\u0165 jedlo ani do \u00fast, tak sa navz\u00e1jom k\u0155mili, takto si pom\u00e1hali,“ hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea IDP z Enerhodaru Rusi \u010dasto ostre\u013eovali domy v meste a potom obvi\u0148ovali ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 sily. Nat\u00e1\u010dali sme relevantn\u00e9 propagandistick\u00e9 vide\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Fotografia ostre\u013eovania Enerhodaru 1. septembra 2022 (foto starosta Energodaru Dmytro Orlov)<\/em><\/p>\n„Najm\u00e4 1. septembra silno strie\u013eali, lietadl\u00e1 lietali nalo\u017een\u00e9Potom Rusi povedali, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 sily \u00famyselne bombarduj\u00fa, aby ukrajinsk\u00e9 deti nechodili do \u0161koly, aby ne\u0161tudovali. Rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da rozbila v\u0161etko, vyliezla na byty. A potom povedali, \u017ee m\u00e1me mun\u00edciu takmer v ka\u017edej gar\u00e1\u017ei, byte. A povedali, \u017ee nacisti s\u00fa v\u0161ade,“ hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
Marina m\u00e1 v meste st\u00e1le zn\u00e1mych, ale komunik\u00e1cia s nimi je obmedzen\u00e1, preto\u017ee Rusi po\u010d\u00favaj\u00fa v\u0161etko.<\/p>\n
„Moji priatelia st\u00e1le \u010dakaj\u00fa na prepustenie v Energodare. Hovor\u00ed sa, \u017ee sa tam m\u00f4\u017eete zbl\u00e1zni\u0165, preto\u017ee emocion\u00e1lne je to ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 pre t\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed teraz podporuj\u00fa Ukrajinu,“ dod\u00e1va.<\/p>\n
Aj v Energodare sa okupanti sna\u017eia v\u0161etk\u00fdmi mo\u017en\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi vyhna\u0165 hrivny a tovar sa dov\u00e1\u017ea z Ruska a Krymu. Okrem toho s\u00fa tieto v\u00fdrobky lacn\u00e9 a nekvalitn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
„Dokonca aj samotn\u00ed Rusi spo\u010diatku be\u017eali a kupovali v\u0161etko ukrajinsk\u00e9, h\u013eadali cigarety, Pepsi-Cola, preto\u017ee na\u0161a je lep\u0161ia,“ spom\u00edna Maryna so smiechom.<\/p>\n
„V\u0161etci d\u00fafali, \u017ee n\u00e1s vyhodia“<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u017dena sa rozhodla opusti\u0165 okupovan\u00fd Enerhodar, preto\u017ee u\u017e nemala silu pozrie\u0165 sa na rusk\u00e9 bezpr\u00e1vie.<\/p>\n
„V\u0161etci d\u00fafali, \u017ee n\u00e1s \u010doskoro prepustia, preto\u017ee sme naozaj chceli dosiahnu\u0165 v\u00ed\u0165azstvo v na\u0161om meste. Myslel som si, \u017ee na\u0161i chlapci pr\u00eddu a vyhodia n\u00e1s [\u0443\u0441\u043c\u0456\u0445\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f]“, hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
\u017dena pripom\u00edna, \u017ee \u013eudia museli st\u00e1\u0165 v rade na dia\u013enici cel\u00e9 t\u00fd\u017edne, preto\u017ee Rusi nechali prejs\u0165 to\u013eko \u00e1ut, ko\u013eko chceli.<\/p>\n
Konvoj opust\u00ed Energodar v marci 2022 (foto z Facebooku starostu Energodaru Dmytra Orlova)<\/span><\/p>\n„Chceli sme pusti\u0165 10 \u00e1ut, chceli sme 30. Spo\u010diatku nerobili ve\u013emi siln\u00fa filtr\u00e1ciu, ale potom posilnili kontrolu, mnoh\u00ed neboli prepusten\u00ed a vr\u00e1tili sa. Najm\u00e4 jadrov\u00ed vedci neboli prepusten\u00ed, preto\u017ee potrebuj\u00fa \u0161pecialistov, aby pracovali na stanici,“ hovor\u00ed IDP z Energodaru.<\/p>\n
Marina odi\u0161la s pomocou zn\u00e1mych, ktor\u00ed jej povedali, \u017ee v aute je miesto. Stalo sa to v okt\u00f3bri 2022. \u017dena si vzala so sebou iba jeden kufor, do ktor\u00e9ho si zbalila cel\u00fd \u017eivot. \u017dena pripom\u00edna, \u017ee rusk\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci ju dlho filtrovali. Kontrolovali sme telef\u00f3ny, dokumenty.<\/p>\n
„B\u00e1la som sa, \u010di mi bud\u00fa ch\u00fdba\u0165, bolo mi zle od strachu. P\u00fdtali sa ma, pre\u010do odch\u00e1dzam z Ruska. V podstate v\u0161etci hovorili, \u017ee id\u00fa do nemocnice alebo niekde inde. Rusi sa p\u00fdtali, \u010di sa vr\u00e1time, \u013eudia povedali \u00e1no. Povedala som, \u017ee idem za dc\u00e9rou, preto\u017ee je chor\u00e1 a mus\u00edm sa postara\u0165 o svojho vnuka,“ hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
Po prv\u00e9, \u017eena i\u0161la do Zaporizhzhia. Tam si priate\u013e trochu odd\u00fdchol a pres\u0165ahoval sa do \u013dvova, k pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdm. \u017dil som s nimi asi \u0161tyri mesiace a potom som sa rozhodol prenaja\u0165 si byt. Teraz Maryna \u017eije so svojou matkou a bratom, ktor\u00ed po nej opustili Energodar.<\/p>\n
„Chcel by som doma osl\u00e1vi\u0165 svoje 50. v\u00fdro\u010die“<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\nPo pres\u0165ahovan\u00ed do \u013dvova sa Maryna c\u00edtila pokojne a bezpe\u010dne. Tu \u017eena absolvovala kurz mimovl\u00e1dnej organiz\u00e1cie „Perspekt\u00edvy \u017eien“, ktor\u00fd jej pomohol prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa vo \u013dvove.<\/p>\n
„Absolvoval som kurz „m\u00f4\u017eem“. Bola n\u00e1m poskytnut\u00e1 psychologick\u00e1 pomoc, aby sme sa nec\u00edtili cudz\u00ed, pomohli n\u00e1m n\u00e1js\u0165 si pr\u00e1cu,“ hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
\u017dena tie\u017e hovor\u00ed, \u017ee vo \u013dvove sa organizuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne podujatia pre vn\u00fatorne vys\u00eddlen\u00e9 osoby, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa emocion\u00e1lne.<\/p>\n
„U\u010d\u00edme sa ukrajinsk\u00fd jazyk, komunikujeme. Hr\u00e1me hry, m\u00e1me prehliadky so sprievodcom, je to v\u0161etko tak\u00e9 zauj\u00edmav\u00e9. Na Ve\u013ek\u00fa noc a Vianoce s\u00fa zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 trad\u00edcie, chod\u00edme do m\u00faze\u00ed. To v\u0161etko je ve\u013emi in\u0161piruj\u00face. Pr\u00eddete domov, nad\u00fdchnete sa a c\u00edtite sa in\u0161pirovan\u00ed,“ zdie\u013ea svoje dojmy vn\u00fatorne vys\u00eddlen\u00e1 osoba.<\/p>\n
Vo \u013dvove si \u017eena e\u0161te nena\u0161la pr\u00e1cu, preto\u017ee naozaj d\u00fafa, \u017ee Energodar bude prepusten\u00fd a ona p\u00f4jde domov, aby vr\u00e1tila kr\u00e1su svojho mesta.<\/p>\n
„Pozn\u00e1m diev\u010dat\u00e1 z Luhanska, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa tu u\u017e dev\u00e4\u0165 rokov. Hovoria mi, aby som nesedel na kufroch, ale aby som nie\u010do urobil. A zd\u00e1 sa mi, \u017ee sa chyst\u00e1m vr\u00e1ti\u0165 domov. O tri mesiace budem ma\u0165 50 rokov, v\u00fdro\u010die by som chcela osl\u00e1vi\u0165 doma,“ hovor\u00ed Marina.<\/p>\n
\u017dena sn\u00edva o n\u00e1vrate domov zo v\u0161etk\u00e9ho najviac, ale ob\u00e1va sa, \u017ee bude musie\u0165 \u017ei\u0165 v rovnakom meste s \u013eu\u010fmi, ktor\u00ed zradili Ukrajinu a neverili v \u0148u.<\/p>\n
Treba poznamena\u0165, \u017ee pred plnohodnotnou inv\u00e1ziou do Ruska \u017eilo v Energodare asi 53 tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed. \u013dudia. Teraz je ich pod\u013ea Mariny asi 12 tis\u00edc. Polovica z nich s\u00fa priaznivci Ruska, zvy\u0161ok podporuje Ukrajinu, medzi nimi s\u00fa t\u00ed, ktor\u00fdm je jedno, koho \u00fazemie to bude.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tot\u00e1lna vojna radik\u00e1lne zmenila \u017eivoty v\u0161etk\u00fdch Ukrajincov. Obyvatelia do\u010dasne okupovan\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed v\u0161ak ruskou inv\u00e1ziou trpia najviac, ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 musia \u010deli\u0165 ruskej arm\u00e1de. Ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 t\u00edto \u013eudia \u017eij\u00fa ako na sude s pu\u0161n\u00fdm prachom, preto\u017ee nevedia, \u010do m\u00f4\u017eu o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 od rusk\u00fdch vojakov. Nie v\u0161etci Ukrajinci sa odv\u00e1\u017eia opusti\u0165 svoje domovy, de\u0148 \u010do de\u0148 \u010dakaj\u00fa na oslobodenie […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14442,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[19,21,6,1206,2179],"class_list":["post-14441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vojna-v-ukrajine","tag-energodar","tag-hlavne-spravy","tag-rusko-ukrajinska-vojna","tag-utecencov","tag-vojnove-zlociny-rusko"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14441\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ruwar.org\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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